ceph: add new mount option to enable sparse reads

ceph: add new mount option to enable sparse reads

Add a new mount option that has the client issue sparse reads instead of
normal ones. The callers now preallocate an sparse extent buffer that
the libceph receive code can populate and hand back after the operation
completes.

After a successful sparse read, we can't use the req->r_result value to
determine the amount of data "read", so instead we set the received
length to be from the end of the last extent in the buffer. Any
interstitial holes will have been filled by the receive code.

Reviewed-by: Xiubo Li <xiubli@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>