fsstress: allow afsync on directories too
[xfstests-dev.git] / ltp / fsstress.c
index 8d0734fc0d1c02a42267082def689c6996b0df2d..3ec1914305ff2e1ad909e359f48e170a6f1b5712 100644 (file)
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include <libaio.h>
 io_context_t   io_ctx;
 #endif
+#include <sys/syscall.h>
 
 #ifndef FS_IOC_GETFLAGS
 #define FS_IOC_GETFLAGS                 _IOR('f', 1, long)
@@ -55,6 +56,7 @@ typedef enum {
        OP_BULKSTAT1,
        OP_CHOWN,
        OP_CLONERANGE,
+       OP_COPYRANGE,
        OP_CREAT,
        OP_DEDUPERANGE,
        OP_DREAD,
@@ -83,6 +85,7 @@ typedef enum {
        OP_RMDIR,
        OP_SETATTR,
        OP_SETXATTR,
+       OP_SPLICE,
        OP_STAT,
        OP_SYMLINK,
        OP_SYNC,
@@ -163,6 +166,7 @@ void        bulkstat_f(int, long);
 void   bulkstat1_f(int, long);
 void   chown_f(int, long);
 void   clonerange_f(int, long);
+void   copyrange_f(int, long);
 void   creat_f(int, long);
 void   deduperange_f(int, long);
 void   dread_f(int, long);
@@ -191,6 +195,7 @@ void        resvsp_f(int, long);
 void   rmdir_f(int, long);
 void   setattr_f(int, long);
 void   setxattr_f(int, long);
+void   splice_f(int, long);
 void   stat_f(int, long);
 void   symlink_f(int, long);
 void   sync_f(int, long);
@@ -212,6 +217,7 @@ opdesc_t    ops[] = {
        { OP_BULKSTAT1, "bulkstat1", bulkstat1_f, 1, 0 },
        { OP_CHOWN, "chown", chown_f, 3, 1 },
        { OP_CLONERANGE, "clonerange", clonerange_f, 4, 1 },
+       { OP_COPYRANGE, "copyrange", copyrange_f, 4, 1 },
        { OP_CREAT, "creat", creat_f, 4, 1 },
        { OP_DEDUPERANGE, "deduperange", deduperange_f, 4, 1},
        { OP_DREAD, "dread", dread_f, 4, 0 },
@@ -240,6 +246,7 @@ opdesc_t    ops[] = {
        { OP_RMDIR, "rmdir", rmdir_f, 1, 1 },
        { OP_SETATTR, "setattr", setattr_f, 0, 1 },
        { OP_SETXATTR, "setxattr", setxattr_f, 1, 1 },
+       { OP_SPLICE, "splice", splice_f, 1, 1 },
        { OP_STAT, "stat", stat_f, 1, 0 },
        { OP_SYMLINK, "symlink", symlink_f, 2, 1 },
        { OP_SYNC, "sync", sync_f, 1, 1 },
@@ -317,6 +324,7 @@ void        make_freq_table(void);
 int    mkdir_path(pathname_t *, mode_t);
 int    mknod_path(pathname_t *, mode_t, dev_t);
 void   namerandpad(int, char *, int);
+int    open_file_or_dir(pathname_t *, int);
 int    open_path(pathname_t *, int);
 DIR    *opendir_path(pathname_t *);
 void   process_freq(char *);
@@ -733,7 +741,7 @@ append_pathname(pathname_t *name, char *str)
        /* attempting to append to a dir a zero length path */
        if (len && *str == '/' && name->len == 0) {
                fprintf(stderr, "fsstress: append_pathname failure\n");
-               chdir(homedir);
+               assert(chdir(homedir) == 0);
                abort();
                /* NOTREACHED */
        }
@@ -765,7 +773,7 @@ attr_list_path(pathname_t *name,
        separate_pathname(name, buf, &newname);
        if (chdir(buf) == 0) {
                rval = attr_list_path(&newname, buffer, buffersize, flags, cursor);
-               chdir("..");
+               assert(chdir("..") == 0);
        }
        free_pathname(&newname);
        return rval;
@@ -784,7 +792,7 @@ attr_remove_path(pathname_t *name, const char *attrname, int flags)
        separate_pathname(name, buf, &newname);
        if (chdir(buf) == 0) {
                rval = attr_remove_path(&newname, attrname, flags);
-               chdir("..");
+               assert(chdir("..") == 0);
        }
        free_pathname(&newname);
        return rval;
@@ -805,7 +813,7 @@ attr_set_path(pathname_t *name, const char *attrname, const char *attrvalue,
        if (chdir(buf) == 0) {
                rval = attr_set_path(&newname, attrname, attrvalue, valuelength,
                        flags);
-               chdir("..");
+               assert(chdir("..") == 0);
        }
        free_pathname(&newname);
        return rval;
@@ -819,7 +827,7 @@ check_cwd(void)
 
        if (stat64(".", &statbuf) == 0 && statbuf.st_ino == top_ino)
                return;
-       chdir(homedir);
+       assert(chdir(homedir) == 0);
        fprintf(stderr, "fsstress: check_cwd failure\n");
        abort();
        /* NOTREACHED */
@@ -858,7 +866,7 @@ creat_path(pathname_t *name, mode_t mode)
        separate_pathname(name, buf, &newname);
        if (chdir(buf) == 0) {
                rval = creat_path(&newname, mode);
-               chdir("..");
+               assert(chdir("..") == 0);
        }
        free_pathname(&newname);
        return rval;
@@ -996,11 +1004,15 @@ doproc(void)
                }
        }
 errout:
-       chdir("..");
+       assert(chdir("..") == 0);
        free(homedir);
        if (cleanup) {
+               int ret;
+
                sprintf(cmd, "rm -rf %s", buf);
-               system(cmd);
+               ret = system(cmd);
+               if (ret != 0)
+                       perror("cleaning up");
                cleanup_flist();
        }
 }
@@ -1216,7 +1228,7 @@ lchown_path(pathname_t *name, uid_t owner, gid_t group)
        separate_pathname(name, buf, &newname);
        if (chdir(buf) == 0) {
                rval = lchown_path(&newname, owner, group);
-               chdir("..");
+               assert(chdir("..") == 0);
        }
        free_pathname(&newname);
        return rval;
@@ -1240,7 +1252,7 @@ link_path(pathname_t *name1, pathname_t *name2)
        if (strcmp(buf1, buf2) == 0) {
                if (chdir(buf1) == 0) {
                        rval = link_path(&newname1, &newname2);
-                       chdir("..");
+                       assert(chdir("..") == 0);
                }
        } else {
                if (strcmp(buf1, "..") == 0)
@@ -1260,7 +1272,7 @@ link_path(pathname_t *name1, pathname_t *name2)
                        append_pathname(&newname2, name2->path);
                        if (chdir(buf1) == 0) {
                                rval = link_path(&newname1, &newname2);
-                               chdir("..");
+                               assert(chdir("..") == 0);
                        }
                } else {
                        free_pathname(&newname1);
@@ -1268,7 +1280,7 @@ link_path(pathname_t *name1, pathname_t *name2)
                        append_pathname(&newname1, name1->path);
                        if (chdir(buf2) == 0) {
                                rval = link_path(&newname1, &newname2);
-                               chdir("..");
+                               assert(chdir("..") == 0);
                        }
                }
        }
@@ -1290,7 +1302,7 @@ lstat64_path(pathname_t *name, struct stat64 *sbuf)
        separate_pathname(name, buf, &newname);
        if (chdir(buf) == 0) {
                rval = lstat64_path(&newname, sbuf);
-               chdir("..");
+               assert(chdir("..") == 0);
        }
        free_pathname(&newname);
        return rval;
@@ -1326,7 +1338,7 @@ mkdir_path(pathname_t *name, mode_t mode)
        separate_pathname(name, buf, &newname);
        if (chdir(buf) == 0) {
                rval = mkdir_path(&newname, mode);
-               chdir("..");
+               assert(chdir("..") == 0);
        }
        free_pathname(&newname);
        return rval;
@@ -1345,7 +1357,7 @@ mknod_path(pathname_t *name, mode_t mode, dev_t dev)
        separate_pathname(name, buf, &newname);
        if (chdir(buf) == 0) {
                rval = mknod_path(&newname, mode, dev);
-               chdir("..");
+               assert(chdir("..") == 0);
        }
        free_pathname(&newname);
        return rval;
@@ -1373,6 +1385,22 @@ namerandpad(int id, char *buf, int i)
        }
 }
 
+int
+open_file_or_dir(pathname_t *name, int flags)
+{
+       int fd;
+
+       fd = open_path(name, flags);
+       if (fd != -1)
+               return fd;
+       if (fd == -1 && errno != EISDIR)
+               return fd;
+       /* Directories can not be opened in write mode nor direct mode. */
+       flags &= ~(O_WRONLY | O_DIRECT);
+       flags |= O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY;
+       return open_path(name, flags);
+}
+
 int
 open_path(pathname_t *name, int oflag)
 {
@@ -1386,7 +1414,7 @@ open_path(pathname_t *name, int oflag)
        separate_pathname(name, buf, &newname);
        if (chdir(buf) == 0) {
                rval = open_path(&newname, oflag);
-               chdir("..");
+               assert(chdir("..") == 0);
        }
        free_pathname(&newname);
        return rval;
@@ -1405,7 +1433,7 @@ opendir_path(pathname_t *name)
        separate_pathname(name, buf, &newname);
        if (chdir(buf) == 0) {
                rval = opendir_path(&newname);
-               chdir("..");
+               assert(chdir("..") == 0);
        }
        free_pathname(&newname);
        return rval;
@@ -1446,7 +1474,7 @@ readlink_path(pathname_t *name, char *lbuf, size_t lbufsiz)
        separate_pathname(name, buf, &newname);
        if (chdir(buf) == 0) {
                rval = readlink_path(&newname, lbuf, lbufsiz);
-               chdir("..");
+               assert(chdir("..") == 0);
        }
        free_pathname(&newname);
        return rval;
@@ -1470,7 +1498,7 @@ rename_path(pathname_t *name1, pathname_t *name2)
        if (strcmp(buf1, buf2) == 0) {
                if (chdir(buf1) == 0) {
                        rval = rename_path(&newname1, &newname2);
-                       chdir("..");
+                       assert(chdir("..") == 0);
                }
        } else {
                if (strcmp(buf1, "..") == 0)
@@ -1490,7 +1518,7 @@ rename_path(pathname_t *name1, pathname_t *name2)
                        append_pathname(&newname2, name2->path);
                        if (chdir(buf1) == 0) {
                                rval = rename_path(&newname1, &newname2);
-                               chdir("..");
+                               assert(chdir("..") == 0);
                        }
                } else {
                        free_pathname(&newname1);
@@ -1498,7 +1526,7 @@ rename_path(pathname_t *name1, pathname_t *name2)
                        append_pathname(&newname1, name1->path);
                        if (chdir(buf2) == 0) {
                                rval = rename_path(&newname1, &newname2);
-                               chdir("..");
+                               assert(chdir("..") == 0);
                        }
                }
        }
@@ -1520,7 +1548,7 @@ rmdir_path(pathname_t *name)
        separate_pathname(name, buf, &newname);
        if (chdir(buf) == 0) {
                rval = rmdir_path(&newname);
-               chdir("..");
+               assert(chdir("..") == 0);
        }
        free_pathname(&newname);
        return rval;
@@ -1603,7 +1631,7 @@ stat64_path(pathname_t *name, struct stat64 *sbuf)
        separate_pathname(name, buf, &newname);
        if (chdir(buf) == 0) {
                rval = stat64_path(&newname, sbuf);
-               chdir("..");
+               assert(chdir("..") == 0);
        }
        free_pathname(&newname);
        return rval;
@@ -1627,7 +1655,7 @@ symlink_path(const char *name1, pathname_t *name)
        separate_pathname(name, buf, &newname);
        if (chdir(buf) == 0) {
                rval = symlink_path(name1, &newname);
-               chdir("..");
+               assert(chdir("..") == 0);
        }
        free_pathname(&newname);
        return rval;
@@ -1646,7 +1674,7 @@ truncate64_path(pathname_t *name, off64_t length)
        separate_pathname(name, buf, &newname);
        if (chdir(buf) == 0) {
                rval = truncate64_path(&newname, length);
-               chdir("..");
+               assert(chdir("..") == 0);
        }
        free_pathname(&newname);
        return rval;
@@ -1665,7 +1693,7 @@ unlink_path(pathname_t *name)
        separate_pathname(name, buf, &newname);
        if (chdir(buf) == 0) {
                rval = unlink_path(&newname);
-               chdir("..");
+               assert(chdir("..") == 0);
        }
        free_pathname(&newname);
        return rval;
@@ -1746,13 +1774,13 @@ afsync_f(int opno, long r)
        struct io_event event;
 
        init_pathname(&f);
-       if (!get_fname(FT_REGFILE, r, &f, NULL, NULL, &v)) {
+       if (!get_fname(FT_REGFILE | FT_DIRm, r, &f, NULL, NULL, &v)) {
                if (v)
                        printf("%d/%d: afsync - no filename\n", procid, opno);
                free_pathname(&f);
                return;
        }
-       fd = open_path(&f, O_WRONLY | O_DIRECT);
+       fd = open_file_or_dir(&f, O_WRONLY | O_DIRECT);
        e = fd < 0 ? errno : 0;
        check_cwd();
        if (fd < 0) {
@@ -2329,6 +2357,162 @@ out_fpath1:
 #endif
 }
 
+/* copy some arbitrary range of f1 to f2. */
+void
+copyrange_f(
+       int                     opno,
+       long                    r)
+{
+#ifdef HAVE_COPY_FILE_RANGE
+       struct pathname         fpath1;
+       struct pathname         fpath2;
+       struct stat64           stat1;
+       struct stat64           stat2;
+       char                    inoinfo1[1024];
+       char                    inoinfo2[1024];
+       loff_t                  lr;
+       loff_t                  off1;
+       loff_t                  off2;
+       loff_t                  offset1;
+       loff_t                  offset2;
+       loff_t                  max_off2;
+       size_t                  len;
+       size_t                  length;
+       int                     tries = 0;
+       int                     v1;
+       int                     v2;
+       int                     fd1;
+       int                     fd2;
+       size_t                  ret = 0;
+       int                     e;
+
+       /* Load paths */
+       init_pathname(&fpath1);
+       if (!get_fname(FT_REGm, r, &fpath1, NULL, NULL, &v1)) {
+               if (v1)
+                       printf("%d/%d: copyrange read - no filename\n",
+                               procid, opno);
+               goto out_fpath1;
+       }
+
+       init_pathname(&fpath2);
+       if (!get_fname(FT_REGm, random(), &fpath2, NULL, NULL, &v2)) {
+               if (v2)
+                       printf("%d/%d: copyrange write - no filename\n",
+                               procid, opno);
+               goto out_fpath2;
+       }
+
+       /* Open files */
+       fd1 = open_path(&fpath1, O_RDONLY);
+       e = fd1 < 0 ? errno : 0;
+       check_cwd();
+       if (fd1 < 0) {
+               if (v1)
+                       printf("%d/%d: copyrange read - open %s failed %d\n",
+                               procid, opno, fpath1.path, e);
+               goto out_fpath2;
+       }
+
+       fd2 = open_path(&fpath2, O_WRONLY);
+       e = fd2 < 0 ? errno : 0;
+       check_cwd();
+       if (fd2 < 0) {
+               if (v2)
+                       printf("%d/%d: copyrange write - open %s failed %d\n",
+                               procid, opno, fpath2.path, e);
+               goto out_fd1;
+       }
+
+       /* Get file stats */
+       if (fstat64(fd1, &stat1) < 0) {
+               if (v1)
+                       printf("%d/%d: copyrange read - fstat64 %s failed %d\n",
+                               procid, opno, fpath1.path, errno);
+               goto out_fd2;
+       }
+       inode_info(inoinfo1, sizeof(inoinfo1), &stat1, v1);
+
+       if (fstat64(fd2, &stat2) < 0) {
+               if (v2)
+                       printf("%d/%d: copyrange write - fstat64 %s failed %d\n",
+                               procid, opno, fpath2.path, errno);
+               goto out_fd2;
+       }
+       inode_info(inoinfo2, sizeof(inoinfo2), &stat2, v2);
+
+       /* Calculate offsets */
+       len = (random() % FILELEN_MAX) + 1;
+       if (len == 0)
+               len = stat1.st_blksize;
+       if (len > stat1.st_size)
+               len = stat1.st_size;
+
+       lr = ((int64_t)random() << 32) + random();
+       if (stat1.st_size == len)
+               off1 = 0;
+       else
+               off1 = (off64_t)(lr % MIN(stat1.st_size - len, MAXFSIZE));
+       off1 %= maxfsize;
+
+       /*
+        * If srcfile == destfile, randomly generate destination ranges
+        * until we find one that doesn't overlap the source range.
+        */
+       max_off2 = MIN(stat2.st_size + (1024ULL * stat2.st_blksize), MAXFSIZE);
+       do {
+               lr = ((int64_t)random() << 32) + random();
+               off2 = (off64_t)(lr % max_off2);
+               off2 %= maxfsize;
+       } while (stat1.st_ino == stat2.st_ino && llabs(off2 - off1) < len);
+
+       /*
+        * Since len, off1 and off2 will be changed later, preserve their
+        * original values.
+        */
+       length = len;
+       offset1 = off1;
+       offset2 = off2;
+
+       while (len > 0) {
+               ret = syscall(__NR_copy_file_range, fd1, &off1, fd2, &off2,
+                             len, 0);
+               if (ret < 0) {
+                       if (errno != EAGAIN || tries++ >= 300)
+                               break;
+               } else if (ret > len || ret == 0)
+                       break;
+               else if (ret > 0)
+                       len -= ret;
+       }
+       e = ret < 0 ? errno : 0;
+       if (v1 || v2) {
+               printf("%d/%d: copyrange %s%s [%lld,%lld] -> %s%s [%lld,%lld]",
+                       procid, opno,
+                       fpath1.path, inoinfo1,
+                       (long long)offset1, (long long)length,
+                       fpath2.path, inoinfo2,
+                       (long long)offset2, (long long)length);
+
+               if (ret < 0)
+                       printf(" error %d", e);
+               else if (len && ret > len)
+                       printf(" asked for %lld, copied %lld??\n",
+                               (long long)len, (long long)ret);
+               printf("\n");
+       }
+
+out_fd2:
+       close(fd2);
+out_fd1:
+       close(fd1);
+out_fpath2:
+       free_pathname(&fpath2);
+out_fpath1:
+       free_pathname(&fpath1);
+#endif
+}
+
 /* dedupe some arbitrary range of f1 to f2...fn. */
 void
 deduperange_f(
@@ -2613,6 +2797,177 @@ setxattr_f(int opno, long r)
 #endif
 }
 
+void
+splice_f(int opno, long r)
+{
+       struct pathname         fpath1;
+       struct pathname         fpath2;
+       struct stat64           stat1;
+       struct stat64           stat2;
+       char                    inoinfo1[1024];
+       char                    inoinfo2[1024];
+       loff_t                  lr;
+       loff_t                  off1, off2;
+       size_t                  len;
+       loff_t                  offset1, offset2;
+       size_t                  length;
+       size_t                  total;
+       int                     v1;
+       int                     v2;
+       int                     fd1;
+       int                     fd2;
+       ssize_t                 ret1 = 0, ret2 = 0;
+       size_t                  bytes;
+       int                     e;
+       int                     filedes[2];
+
+       /* Load paths */
+       init_pathname(&fpath1);
+       if (!get_fname(FT_REGm, r, &fpath1, NULL, NULL, &v1)) {
+               if (v1)
+                       printf("%d/%d: splice read - no filename\n",
+                               procid, opno);
+               goto out_fpath1;
+       }
+
+       init_pathname(&fpath2);
+       if (!get_fname(FT_REGm, random(), &fpath2, NULL, NULL, &v2)) {
+               if (v2)
+                       printf("%d/%d: splice write - no filename\n",
+                               procid, opno);
+               goto out_fpath2;
+       }
+
+       /* Open files */
+       fd1 = open_path(&fpath1, O_RDONLY);
+       e = fd1 < 0 ? errno : 0;
+       check_cwd();
+       if (fd1 < 0) {
+               if (v1)
+                       printf("%d/%d: splice read - open %s failed %d\n",
+                               procid, opno, fpath1.path, e);
+               goto out_fpath2;
+       }
+
+       fd2 = open_path(&fpath2, O_WRONLY);
+       e = fd2 < 0 ? errno : 0;
+       check_cwd();
+       if (fd2 < 0) {
+               if (v2)
+                       printf("%d/%d: splice write - open %s failed %d\n",
+                               procid, opno, fpath2.path, e);
+               goto out_fd1;
+       }
+
+       /* Get file stats */
+       if (fstat64(fd1, &stat1) < 0) {
+               if (v1)
+                       printf("%d/%d: splice read - fstat64 %s failed %d\n",
+                               procid, opno, fpath1.path, errno);
+               goto out_fd2;
+       }
+       inode_info(inoinfo1, sizeof(inoinfo1), &stat1, v1);
+
+       if (fstat64(fd2, &stat2) < 0) {
+               if (v2)
+                       printf("%d/%d: splice write - fstat64 %s failed %d\n",
+                               procid, opno, fpath2.path, errno);
+               goto out_fd2;
+       }
+       inode_info(inoinfo2, sizeof(inoinfo2), &stat2, v2);
+
+       /* Calculate offsets */
+       len = (random() % FILELEN_MAX) + 1;
+       if (len == 0)
+               len = stat1.st_blksize;
+       if (len > stat1.st_size)
+               len = stat1.st_size;
+
+       lr = ((int64_t)random() << 32) + random();
+       if (stat1.st_size == len)
+               off1 = 0;
+       else
+               off1 = (off64_t)(lr % MIN(stat1.st_size - len, MAXFSIZE));
+       off1 %= maxfsize;
+
+       /*
+        * splice can overlap write, so the offset of the target file can be
+        * any number. But to avoid too large offset, add a clamp of 1024 blocks
+        * past the current dest file EOF
+        */
+       lr = ((int64_t)random() << 32) + random();
+       off2 = (off64_t)(lr % MIN(stat2.st_size + (1024ULL * stat2.st_blksize), MAXFSIZE));
+
+       /*
+        * Since len, off1 and off2 will be changed later, preserve their
+        * original values.
+        */
+       length = len;
+       offset1 = off1;
+       offset2 = off2;
+
+       /* Pipe initialize */
+       if (pipe(filedes) < 0) {
+               if (v1 || v2) {
+                       printf("%d/%d: splice - pipe failed %d\n",
+                               procid, opno, errno);
+                       goto out_fd2;
+               }
+       }
+
+       bytes = 0;
+       total = 0;
+       while (len > 0) {
+               /* move to pipe buffer */
+               ret1 = splice(fd1, &off1, filedes[1], NULL, len, 0);
+               if (ret1 <= 0) {
+                       break;
+               }
+               bytes = ret1;
+
+               /* move from pipe buffer to dst file */
+               while (bytes > 0) {
+                       ret2 = splice(filedes[0], NULL, fd2, &off2, bytes, 0);
+                       if (ret2 < 0) {
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       bytes -= ret2;
+               }
+               if (ret2 < 0)
+                       break;
+
+               len -= ret1;
+               total += ret1;
+       }
+
+       if (ret1 < 0 || ret2 < 0)
+               e = errno;
+       else
+               e = 0;
+       if (v1 || v2) {
+               printf("%d/%d: splice %s%s [%lld,%lld] -> %s%s [%lld,%lld] %d",
+                       procid, opno,
+                       fpath1.path, inoinfo1, (long long)offset1, (long long)length,
+                       fpath2.path, inoinfo2, (long long)offset2, (long long)length, e);
+
+               if (length && length > total)
+                       printf(" asked for %lld, spliced %lld??\n",
+                               (long long)length, (long long)total);
+               printf("\n");
+       }
+
+       close(filedes[0]);
+       close(filedes[1]);
+out_fd2:
+       close(fd2);
+out_fd1:
+       close(fd1);
+out_fpath2:
+       free_pathname(&fpath2);
+out_fpath1:
+       free_pathname(&fpath1);
+}
+
 void
 creat_f(int opno, long r)
 {
@@ -3117,13 +3472,13 @@ fsync_f(int opno, long r)
        int             v;
 
        init_pathname(&f);
-       if (!get_fname(FT_REGFILE, r, &f, NULL, NULL, &v)) {
+       if (!get_fname(FT_REGFILE | FT_DIRm, r, &f, NULL, NULL, &v)) {
                if (v)
                        printf("%d/%d: fsync - no filename\n", procid, opno);
                free_pathname(&f);
                return;
        }
-       fd = open_path(&f, O_WRONLY);
+       fd = open_file_or_dir(&f, O_WRONLY);
        e = fd < 0 ? errno : 0;
        check_cwd();
        if (fd < 0) {