btrfs: test that autdodefrag does not rewrite single extents

There is a report that btrfs autodefrag is defragging extents which
only have one single sector.

Such defragging will not reduce the number of extents, but only
waste IO.

The fix for it is titled:

  btrfs: avoid defragging extents whose next extents are not targets

Here we add a test case, which will create an inode with the
following layout:

  0                16K   20K                  64K
  |<-- Extent A -->|<-B->|<----- Extent C --->|
  |Gen 7           |Gen 9|Gen 7               |

And we trigger autodefrag with newer_than = 8, which means it will
only defrag extents newer than or equal to generation 8.

Currently only Extent B meets the condition, but it can not be
merged with Extent A nor Extent C, as they don't meet the generation
requirement.

Unpatched kernel will defrag only Extent B, resulting no change in
fragmentation, while costs extra IO.

Patched kernel will not defrag anything.

Although this is still not the ideal case, as we can defrag the
whole 64K range, but that's not what autodefrag can do with its
generation limitation.

And such "perfect" defrag can cause way more IO than some users can
stand.

At least we should not only defrag extent B.

Signed-off-by: Qu Wenruo <wqu@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Filipe Manana <fdmanana@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Eryu Guan <guaneryu@gmail.com>

diff --git a/tests/btrfs/263 b/tests/btrfs/263
new file mode 100755 (executable)
index 0000000..d201f14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/btrfs/263
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+#! /bin/bash
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+# Copyright (c) 2022 SUSE Linux Products GmbH.  All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# FS QA Test 263
+#
+# Make sure btrfs autodefrag will not defrag ranges which won't reduce
+# defragmentation.
+#
+. ./common/preamble
+_begin_fstest auto quick defrag
+
+# Import common functions.
+. ./common/filter
+
+# real QA test starts here
+
+# Modify as appropriate.
+_supported_fs btrfs
+_require_scratch
+_require_xfs_io_command "fiemap" "ranged"
+
+# Needs fixed 4K sector size, or the file layout will not match the expected
+# result.
+_require_btrfs_support_sectorsize 4096
+
+_scratch_mkfs >> $seqres.full
+
+_scratch_mount -o noautodefrag
+
+# Create the initial layout, with a large 64K extent for later fragments.
+$XFS_IO_PROG -f -c "pwrite 0 64K" -c sync "$SCRATCH_MNT/foobar" >> $seqres.full
+
+# Need to bump the generation by one, as autodefrag uses the last modified
+# generation of a subvolume. Without this generation bump, autodefrag will
+# defrag the whole file, not only the new write.
+touch "$SCRATCH_MNT/trash"
+sync
+
+# Remount to autodefrag.
+_scratch_remount autodefrag
+
+# Write a new sector, which should trigger autodefrag.
+$XFS_IO_PROG -c "pwrite 16K 4K" -c sync "$SCRATCH_MNT/foobar" >> $seqres.full
+
+echo "=== File extent layout before autodefrag ===" >> $seqres.full
+$XFS_IO_PROG -c "fiemap -v" "$SCRATCH_MNT/foobar" >> $seqres.full
+
+old_csum=$(_md5_checksum "$SCRATCH_MNT/foobar")
+old_ext_0=$(_get_file_extent_sector "$SCRATCH_MNT/foobar" 0)
+old_ext_16k=$(_get_file_extent_sector "$SCRATCH_MNT/foobar" 16384)
+old_ext_20k=$(_get_file_extent_sector "$SCRATCH_MNT/foobar" 20480)
+
+# Trigger autodefrag.
+_scratch_remount commit=1
+sleep 3
+# Make sure the defragged range reach disk.
+sync
+
+echo "=== File extent layout after autodefrag ===" >> $seqres.full
+$XFS_IO_PROG -c "fiemap -v" "$SCRATCH_MNT/foobar" >> $seqres.full
+
+new_csum=$(_md5_checksum "$SCRATCH_MNT/foobar")
+new_ext_0=$(_get_file_extent_sector "$SCRATCH_MNT/foobar" 0)
+new_ext_16k=$(_get_file_extent_sector "$SCRATCH_MNT/foobar" 16384)
+new_ext_20k=$(_get_file_extent_sector "$SCRATCH_MNT/foobar" 20480)
+
+# For extent at offset 0 and 20K, they are older than the target generation,
+# thus they should not be defragged.
+if [ "$new_ext_0" != "$old_ext_0" ]; then
+       echo "extent at offset 0 got defragged"
+fi
+if [ "$new_ext_20k" != "$old_ext_20k" ]; then
+       echo "extent at offset 20K got defragged"
+fi
+
+# For extent at offset 4K, it's a single sector, and its adjacent extents
+# are not targets, thus it should not be defragged.
+if [ "$new_ext_16k" != "$old_ext_16k" ]; then
+       echo "extent at offset 16K got defragged"
+fi
+
+# Defrag should not change file content.
+if [ "$new_csum" != "$old_csum" ]; then
+       echo "file content changed"
+fi
+
+echo "Silence is golden"
+
+# success, all done
+status=0
+exit

diff --git a/tests/btrfs/263.out b/tests/btrfs/263.out
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..7a26e35
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/btrfs/263.out
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+QA output created by 263
+Silence is golden