test: run promtool test without docker on ubuntu/focal

test: run promtool test without docker on ubuntu/focal

before this change, we use docker for running promtools offered by
a docker image, but this is not efficient, and quite a few developers
do not want to use docker for running "make check". this change was
introduced by #39246, the reason was that, in Ceph's CI process, we
are using Ubuntu/Bionic for running "make check" jobs, but prometheus
packaged by Bionic does not offer the "test rules" command. so, to
address problem, we are using "dnanexus/promtool:2.9.2" docker image
for verifying monitoring/prometheus/alerts/test_alerts.yml.

after this change, we use prometheus packaged by debian derivatives
instead of pulling a docker image.

* debian/control: add prometheus as a "make check" dependency
* install-deps.sh: partially revert
  53a5816deda0874a3a37e131e9bc22d88bb2a588, as we don't need to
  pull docker or start docker service for using promtool anymore.
* cmake: check if promtool is capable of running "test rules"
  command, bail out if it is not.

see also: https://tracker.ceph.com/issues/49653

Signed-off-by: Kefu Chai <kchai@redhat.com>
(cherry picked from commit f381aa8bf0e175940153975fa1534ef0559ecadd)