per https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Optimize-Options.html
> -Og
> Optimize debugging experience. -Og should be the optimization level of
> choice for the standard edit-compile-debug cycle, offering a reasonable
> level of optimization while maintaining fast compilation and a good
> debugging experience. It is a better choice than -O0 for producing
> debuggable code because some compiler passes that collect debug
> information are disabled at -O0.
so instead of using -O0, for better developer experience, -Og is
recommended.