mgr/cephadm: try again calling ceph-volume without --filter-for-batch

mgr/cephadm: try again calling ceph-volume without --filter-for-batch

Fixes: https://tracker.ceph.com/issues/48870
This deals with a cephadm upgrade issue:

1. user calls `ceph orch upgrade`
2. mgr/cephadm calls `ceph orch config set mgr.x container_image <new-container>`
3. standby mgr gets upgraded
4. mgr failover to new mgr
5. mgr/cephadm calls `_refresh_host_devices`
6. `_refresh_host_devices` calls` ceph orch config get osd container_image`.
  But this returns the old image
7. `_refresh_host_devices` calls `ceph-volume ... --filter-for-batch`
  with an image that doesn't support `filter-for-batch`

The idea is to simply retiry calling ceph-volume inventory without `--filter-for-batch`

(also removed `out` being used without being declared)

Signed-off-by: Sebastian Wagner <sebastian.wagner@suse.com>
(cherry picked from commit ede3d6d147dd7b99d37aee5c5fb9340f2878db18)

Conflicts:
  src/pybind/mgr/cephadm/tests/test_cephadm.py